Counselling and Psychotherapy with Older People: A Psychological Approach
Author: Paul Terry
This important new edition provides an in-depth understanding of counselling and psychotherapy with older people and those who care for them. Exploring the value of therapy throughout the ageing process, the book sheds light on a range of issues that confront older service users, from debilitating illness and the frustration of dependency to mourning and the long term effects of trauma.
Drawing on his extensive experience in the field, Paul Terry uses evocative case studies and humane examples to offer practical insights into individual, couple and group therapy. Thoughtful and engaging, this new edition: Demonstrates the use of therapeutic skills in brief interventions and longer therapy, Makes fundamental psychoanalytic concepts accessible to therapists and students, whatever their theoretical orientation, Highlights the importance of carers, showing how to help them to confront and prevent abusive relationships and ageism, Provides a remarkable example of reflective practice in counselling and psychotherapy, in learning from difficulties, mistakes, challenges and successes.
Substantially revised with three entirely new chapters, Counselling and Psychotherapy with Older People continues to be invaluable reading for all professional, trainees and students interested in working in this challenging and rewarding area of practice.
About the Author:
Paul Terry is Lecturer in Counselling at Birkbeck College, University of London and Consultant Clinical Psychologist and a Specialty Lead for Older People in the NHS
See also: Originalism or Century of Genocide
Conditioning for Strength and Human Performance
Author: Chandler
Written by leading experts in exercise science, this text offers everything athletic trainers need to train athletes for maximum performance and prepare for certification. Chapters review the basic science underlying strength training and conditioning and put science into practice with detailed instructions on testing,assessment, exercise techniques,program development, injury prevention,and rehabilitation. Case-based problem solving activities, case examples, real world application boxes,and other features engage readers in decision-making and hands-on training activities. More than 350 full-color illustrations complement the text. A bound-in CD-ROM offers in-the-gym lab assignments, quizzes, and a practical exam with video clips and multiple,choice questions.
Doody Review Services
Reviewer:Jessica Jo Groth, MA(Central College)
Description:This book provides a thorough look at strength and conditioning starting from the first section, which covers the basic science of training, through the end of the book with specific drills and lifts to enhance human performance. The detailed pictures, charts, and descriptions make it very reader friendly.
Purpose:The purpose is to provide the strength and conditioning field with up-to-date information from new research and to provide it in a style conducive to many learning types. It is important to stay current as new research becomes available, and these authors make it easier to achieve with this book.
Audience:The author intends this as an entry-level textbook for students in exercise science and preprofessional tracks. Coaches also may find this book valuable in developing programs for their athletes.
Features:The book begins by breaking down the basic sciences and then moves into strength, flexibility, and agility training. It also covers nutritional and safety topics. Many valuable pictures, charts, and tables as well as references for supplementary information, add to the value of the book.
Assessment:This high quality book will be a beneficial resource for those in the exercise science field and, more specifically, those who work with developing athletes. It would be good used in conjunction with Essentials of Strength and Conditioning, 2nd edition, Baechle and Earle (Human Kinetics, 2000), in preparation for the Certified Strength and Conditioning Specialist exam.
Table of Contents:
Basic ScienceBioenergetics T. Jeff Chandler C. Eric Arnold 3
Introduction 3
Enzymes 4
The "Creation" of Chemical Energy 6
Energy Systems 7
The Phosphocreatine System 8
Regulation of Energy Production 9
The Glycolytic System 10
The Oxidative System 11
Lactate 11
Summary of Catabolic Processes in the Production of Cellular Energy 15
Efficiency of the Energy-Producing Pathways 16
Limiting Factors of Performance 16
Oxygen Consumption 17
Metabolic Specificity 18
Summary 18
The Cardiorespiratory System Jay R. Hoffman 20
Introduction 20
Cardiovascular System 21
Morphology of the Heart 21
Cardiac Cycle 21
Heart Rate and Conduction 22
Cardiac Output 24
Vasculature 24
Blood Pressure 25
Respiratory System 25
Pressure Differentials in Gases 27
Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Transport 27
Blood 28
Cardiovascular Response to Acute Exercise 28
Cardiac Output 28
Heart Rate 29
Stroke Volume 29
Cardiac Drift 30
a-Vo[subscript 2] Difference 30
Distribution of Cardiac Output 30
Blood Pressure 30
Pulmonary Ventilation During Exercise 31
Cardiovascular Adaptations to Training 31
Cardiac Output and Stroke Volume 31
Heart Rate 32
Blood Pressure 32
Cardiac Morphology 33
Respiratory Adaptations to Training 34
Ventilatory Equivalent and Minute Ventilation 35
Blood Volume Adaptations to Training 35
Environmental Factors Affecting Cardiorespiratory Function 36
Cardiorespiratory Response to Exercise in the Heat 36
Effect of Altitude on the Cardiorespiratory Response 36
Summary 38
The Neuromuscular System: Anatomical and Physiological Bases and Adaptations to Training Jared W. Coburn Travis W. Beck Herbert A. deVries Terry J. Housh 40
Introduction 40
The Neuron 41
Reflexes and Involuntary Movements 41
Proprioception and Kinesthesis 42
Higher Nerve Centers and Voluntary Muscular Control 43
The Pyramidal System 44
The Extrapyramidal System 44
The Proprioceptive-Cerebellar System 44
Gross Structure of Skeletal Muscle 45
Microscopic Structure of Skeletal Muscle 45
Structure of the Muscle Fiber 45
Muscle Fiber Types 46
Structure of the Myofibril and the Contractile Mechanism 47
The Sliding-Filament Theory of Muscle Contraction 47
Gradation of Force 48
Types of Muscle Actions 49
Isometric Muscle Actions 49
Dynamic Constant External Resistance Muscle Actions 50
Isokinetic Muscle Actions 50
Concentric and Eccentric Muscle Actions 50
Neuromuscular Adaptations to Resistance Training 50
Muscular Strength Adaptations 50
Muscle Fiber Adaptations 52
Nervous System Adaptations 53
Metabolic Adaptations 55
Endocrine Adaptations 55
Summary 56
The Skeletal System T. Jeff Chandler Clint Alley 60
Introduction 60
Structure of the Skeletal System 61
Bone Tissue 61
Ligamentous Tissue 64
Cartilage 64
Articulations 65
Functions of the Skeletal System 65
Structure and Protection 65
Movement 65
Blood Cell Production 66
Growth of the Skeletal System 66
Primary Bone Growth in the Epiphysis 67
Adaptations of the Skeletal System to Loading 68
Wolff's Law 68
Minimal Essential Strain 69
Training Adaptations to the Skeletal System 70
The Skeletal System and Health 70
Bone Density and Health 70
Spinal Alignment Maladies 71
Female Athletic Triad 72
Exercise Prescription to Promote Bone Density 72
Loading Speed 73
Rate and Frequency of Loading 73
Direction of Loading and Response 73
Intensity of Exercise 73
Frequency of Training 74
Vibration 74
Summary 75
Biomechanics of Conditioning Exercises Robert U. Newton 77
Introduction 77
Biomechanical Concepts for Strength and Conditioning 78
Force-Velocity-Power Relationship 80
Musculoskeletal Machines 81
Lever Systems 81
Wheel-Axle Systems 83
Biomechanics of Muscle Function 83
Length-Tension Effect 83
Muscle Angle of Pull 83
Strength Curve 84
Line and Magnitude of Resistance 84
Sticking Region 85
Muscle Architecture, Strength, and Power 85
Multiarticulate Muscles, Active and Passive Insufficiency 86
Body Size and Shape and Power-to-Weight Ratio 87
Balance and Stability 87
Factors Contributing to Stability 87
Initiating Movement or Change of Motion 88
Stretch-Shortening Cycle 88
Biomechanics of Resistance Machines 89
Free Weights 89
Gravity-Based Machines 89
Hydraulic Resistance 91
Pneumatic Resistance 91
Elastic Resistance 91
Machines Versus Free Weights 91
Summary 92
Training Responses and Adaptations of the Endocrine System Andrew C. Fry Jay R. Hoffman 94
Introduction 94
The Endocrine System 95
What Are Hormones? 95
Endocrine Tissues 95
Hormone Transportation Routes 95
Types of Hormones 96
Hormone Production 98
Hormonal Transport and Binding Proteins 100
Factors Affecting Circulating Concentrations 101
Trophic Hormones and Pulsatility 102
Hormonal Rhythms 103
Anticipatory Responses 103
Biocompartments 103
Receptors and Cell Signaling 104
Regulating Hormonal Levels 106
Hormones Vital to Exercise 106
Testosterone 106
Cortisol 107
Testosterone/Cortisol Ratio 107
Growth Hormone 107
Insulin and Glucagons 107
Epinephrine 108
Norepinephrine 108
Aldosterone 108
Antidiuretic Hormone 108
Thyroid Hormones 109
Calcium-Regulating Hormones 109
Effects of Exercise on the Endocrine System 109
Acute and Chronic Training Adaptations 109
Responses and Adaptations of Hormones to Endurance Exercise 110
Acute Responses to Resistance Exercise 114
Long-Term Adaptations to Resistance Exercise 117
Overtraining and the Endocrine System 118
Using the Endocrine System to Monitor Training 119
Optimizing the Training Program 120
Goal: Muscle Hypertrophy 120
Goal: No Muscle Hypertrophy 120
Goal: High-Power Performance 120
Goal: Peak Performance 120
Goal: Avoiding Overtraining 120
Summary 121
Nutrition Jose Antonio John Berardi Christopher R. Mohr 123
Introduction 123
Energy Needs 124
Carbohydrate Intake 126
Protein Intake 127
Fat Intake 128
Training Nutrition 129
Nutrient Timing 129
Carbohydrate-Protein Ratio 131
Vitamin and Mineral Intake 131
Vitamin E 131
Vitamin C 132
Minerals 132
Diets 134
Very High Carbohydrate, Very Low Fat Diets 134
High-Carbohydrate, Low-Fat Diets 137
Low-Carbohydrate, High-Protein Diets 138
Low-Carbohydrate, High-Fat, High Protein (Ketogenic) Diets 138
Summary 139
Organization and Administration
Test Administration and Interpretation Lee E. Brown Daniel Murray Patrick Hagerman 147
Introduction 147
Purpose of Testing 148
Test Selection 149
Validity 149
Reliability 150
Assessment 152
Medical History and PAR-Q 152
Physician Release 152
Nutrition 152
Needs Analysis 153
Test Interpretation 159
Order Scales 159
Mathematical Measures 161
Distribution of Scores 161
Variability 162
Standardized Scores 163
Summary 163
Warm-up and Flexibility Duane V. Knudson 166
Introduction 166
Warm-up 167
Flexibility 167
Normal Static Flexibility 170
Flexibility and Injury Risk 170
Assessing Flexibility 171
Development of Flexibility 172
Biomechanical Effects of Stretching 174
Prophylactic Effects of Stretching 175
Summary 175
Resistance Exercise Techniques and Spotting John F. Graham 182
Introduction 182
Benefits of Resistance Training 183
Safety 184
Spotting 184
Exercise Apparel 186
Resistance-Training Technique 186
Resistance-Training Exercises 188
Summary 235
Facility Administration and Design Steven Plisk 237
Introduction 237
Facilities and Equipment 238
Layout and Scheduling 238
Maintenance and Safety 239
Legal Duties and Concepts 240
Types of Standards 241
Applying Standards of Practice to Risk Management 241
Duties and Responsibilities: Liability Exposure 242
Preparticipation Screening and Clearance 243
Personnel Qualifications 244
Program Supervision and Instruction 244
Facility and Equipment Setup, Inspection, Maintenance, Repair, and Signage 245
Emergency Planning and Response 246
Records and Record Keeping 246
Equal Opportunity and Access 247
Participation in Strength and Conditioning Activities by Children 247
Supplements, Ergogenic Aids, and Drugs 247
Policies and Procedures 248
Summary 248
Exercise Prescription
Strength and Conditioning for Sport Michael H. Stone Meg E. Stone 257
Introduction 257
Basic Training Principles 258
Specificity and Transfer-of-Training Effect 260
Explosive Strength and Power 260
Program Planning 261
Single Sets Versus Multiple Sets 261
Periodization 261
Training Advanced Athletes 263
Summated Microcycles 267
Summary 270
Resistance Exercise Prescription Barry A. Spiering William J. Kraemer 273
Introduction 273
Needs Analysis 274
Acute Program Variables 274
Exercise Selection 274
Exercise Order 275
Loading 275
Volume 276
Rest Intervals 276
Frequency and Workout Structure 276
Muscle Action 277
Repetition Velocity 278
Resistance-Training Prescription 278
Muscular Strength 279
Muscular Power 280
Muscular Hypertrophy 282
Local Muscular Endurance 283
Progression 284
Progressive Overload 284
Variation 284
Specificity 284
Summary 285
Improving Aerobic Performance John M. Cissik 292
Introduction 292
Factors That Influence Aerobic Exercise Performance 293
Approaches to Aerobic Training 294
Continuous Training 294
Fartlek Training 295
Interval Training 295
Repetitions 298
Organizing Aerobic Exercise Training 298
General Preparation Phase 301
Special Preparation Phase 301
Precompetition Phase 302
Competition Phase 303
Summary 303
Plyometric, Speed, and Agility Exercise Prescription Jason D. Vescovi 306
Introduction 306
The Stretch-Shortening Cycle 307
Impacting Factors 308
Plyometrics 310
Terminology 310
Developmental Sequence 311
Intended Purpose 312
Acute Training Variables 313
Linear Sprinting 314
Developmental Sequence 314
Sprinting Gait 314
Acute Training Variables 316
Agility 317
Developmental Sequence 318
Impacting Factors 319
Effects of Movement Velocity 319
Effects of Angles 319
Effects of Anticipation 320
Acute Training Variables 320
Speed and Agility Exercises 321
Summary 341
Special Topics
Foundations of Strength Training for Special Populations Moh H. Malek Ann M. York Joseph P. Weir 349
Introduction 349
Geriatrics 351
Normal Aging and Sarcopenia 351
Osteoporosis 352
Arthritis 353
Pediatrics 355
Healthy Children and Adolescents 355
Cerebral Palsy 356
Mental Retardation and Down's Syndrome 357
Muscular Dystrophy 358
Neuromuscular Disease 359
Stroke 359
Fibromyalgia 360
Postpolio Syndrome 361
Multiple Sclerosis 361
Spinal Cord Injury 362
AIDS/HIV 364
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 364
Cardiovascular Disease 365
Obesity 366
Diabetes Mellitus 367
Cancer 368
Pregnancy 368
Summary 369
Principles of Injury Prevention and Rehabilitation Todd S. Ellenbecker Jake Bleacher Anna Thatcher 376
Introduction 376
Preparticipation Physicals 378
Roles of Health Care Professionals Involved in Injury Prevention and Rehabilitation 378
Injury Classification 380
Phases of Tissue Healing: Clinical Treatment and Exercise Considerations 381
Inflammatory Phase 381
Repair Phase 383
Remodeling Phase 385
Return-to-Activity Phase: The Role of the Interval Program 386
The Interval Sport-Return Program 387
Warm-up 387
Alternate-Day Performance Scheduling 387
Integration with Conditioning 387
Progressive Stages of Intensity 388
Proper Biomechanics and Evaluation of Mechanics 388
Cool-Down or Aftercare 388
Overview of Joint Biomechanics and Exercise Applications 389
Overview of Knee Biomechanics and Exercise Applications 389
Overview of Shoulder Biomechanics and Exercise Applications 392
Overview of Spine Biomechanics and Exercise Applications 394
Summary 401
Ergogenic Aids Jose Antonio Tim Ziegenfuss Ron Mendel 404
Introduction 404
Branched-Chain Amino Acids 405
Caffeine 405
Colostrum 406
Creatine 406
Essential Amino Acids 408
Glucosamine 408
Glutamine 408
Glycerol 410
Green Tea Extract 410
HMB 410
Hydration 411
Pre- and Postworkout Nutrition 412
Other Potential Ergogenic Aids 412
Summary 414
Implement Training Allen Hedrick 423
Introduction 423
Similarity in Training Programs 424
Relying on Science 424
Lack of Implement-Training Research 424
Training Principles 424
Transferability of Implement Training to Sports Performance 425
Water-Filled Implements 425
Implement Training Should Supplement Traditional Methods 426
Program Design 426
Description of Suggested Training Implements 427
Kegs 428
Logs 430
Water-Filled Dumbbells 430
Tires 430
Kettlebells 430
Chains 431
Sandbags 432
Description of Implement Exercises and Examples of Workouts 432
Summary 451
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